Undoubtedly, money becoming a power of societal command is an important development. In the absence of a thorough analysis of this phenomenon, society cannot be completely understood. Money is a value that allows mobility in economic life. What it is and the way in which it attained such a position make it the most serious […]
4.3 The Age of Finance Read More »
The industrial period is most often equated with Industrial Revolution. But industry has existed throughout history. The very first hewn stone was an instance of industry. The discovery of agriculture was an industrial revolution specific to itself. Craftsmanship is also an industry and each new tool, knowledge, and method related to production constitutes a development
4.2 Industrial Revolution and the Age of Industrialism Read More »
The oldest domain of capital is trade. From archaeological evidence, we know that the city of Uruk was the center of a well-established trade network around 4,000 to 3,000 BCE. We also know that the Assyrian, established trade colonies from Anatolia all the way to India, and that the Phoenicians were the first people who
4.1 – Monopolist Merchant Capitalism Read More »
It is not wrong to divide the history of civilization into three sections: Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the New Era. Often the substance of the definitions rather than the divisions themselves is disputed. I hope that my explanation of them is understandable and the content is enlightening. I have discussed whether capitalism can be
Section 4 – The Time of Capitalist Modernity Read More »
As I pursue my defense against the capitalist system, I know that I have to start by breaking loose from its system of mental chains. If we want to free ourselves from capitalism, we must reject worshiping it like the golden calf, because, make no mistake, just as a Muslim should call out Mismillah! (“In
Text by “Abdullah Öcalan Academy for Social Sciences“ If we look back at history, we see that in popular movements, leaders always enjoy an undeniable status. We will see that the social problems, society or social demands, hopes and aspirations that have arisen somewhere and at some time in history will find their most concentrated
The truth of Rêber Apo (Abdullah Öcalan) Read More »
The ecological revolution in Rojava is an ongoing process, which aims to bring about fundamental changes in our approach to nature and life. This revolution has to rebuild what former regimes have destroyed, change the mentality of a people and resist against one of the most ecocidal forces in the region, the Turkish state. From
“The USA still determines the international strategy, in which Turkey and its leadership have an important place. Concerning the Balkans, the Caucasus and the Middle East, there may be strategic relations with the Turkish leadership. However, such a relationship does not have to be permanent and inescapable. The Emperor’s growing interest in this relationship is
“We are entering the phase of the new revolutions” – Text by Abdullah Öcalan Read More »