Introduction It’s true that World War III is taking place in the Middle East in a unique way. However, certain particularities distinguish this war from classic military-political aspects. Although defining it as a clash of civilizations is correct,1 its content is often incorrectly interpreted. Frequently, not enough attention is paid to its historical and social […]

The world social system entered the chaos interval required for change as a result of the dissolution of real socialism in 1989 for structural reasons. But there is also qualitative difference between the previous crises of capitalism and the current one—namely, the “chaos interval.” Generally speaking, radical changes within societies do not materialize through just

The Historical Essence of Communal and Democratic Values One of the most fundamental shortcomings of social science is that it does not demonstrate the other side, the “counterpart,” that throughout history has been and must be in dialectical contradiction with hierarchical and statebased societies. They act as if history is free of contradictions and consists

The Mature Slave Society It is of great importance that we see the state as a mindset and an institutional flow throughout history. Definitions of the state based on the assumption that states rise and fall, are quickly founded and destroyed, and are then newly built by another class or group, or that states are

Hierarchical society represented the intermediate link between natural society and statist society based on class. A typical feature of this era was that both authority and military fealty were bound to a particular person. The subsequent institutionalization of authority implies a qualitative change. The state basically was an authority that gained continuity by its institutionalization.

On Method There are different ways to categorize the history of human societies using different criteria. If, for example, we focus on the fundamental mode of thinking, then mythological, metaphysical, and positivist scientific ages is an important classification. Marxism, on the other hand, concentrates on class and divides the ages into primitive communism, slavery, feudalism,

Introduction My trial has now been dragging on for quite some time. It would be difficult to find another important political trial that has lasted this long.1 It is still unclear how much longer it will go on for. While, on the one hand, I am imprisoned as the sole inmate under very severe isolation

Escaping from social reality is more difficult than one might think. This is especially true for the kinship-based society that one is from. The competition entered into with one’s mother in terms of socializing at around seven years of age, continues, as the people say, until the age of seventy. The fact that the mother